Manufacture of glass vessels from tubing



July 27, 1937. I J. DICHTER 2,087,947

I MANUFACTURE OF GLASS VESSELS FROM TUBING Filed Nov. 7, 1933 constricted mouth openings,;according to the in-.

Patented July 27 1937 UNITED; STATES,

MANUFACTURE 0F GLASS vns snts moiui- TUBING p H v This invention relates to themanufactureof glass vessels from tubing, and; it has particular reference to those" methods in which theglass tubing is softened by heating and is shaped in a mouldby the/application of internal air pressure. 1

It is the object of the present inventionto pro-.v vide an improved method'forj. the production of J glass vessels from tubing, particularly: those, vessels of the kind in which the neck portionis screw-threaded'and is provided with a constricted mouth opening for thepurpose of Spraying-0r dropping the-contents when the-bottle or vessel is inverted and gentlyshaken.

In a process for mouldingglass vessels from tubing, said vessels havingkthreadednecks and vention the vessel is formed by first making .a

narrow and longitudinally extending portion in the tube, then inserting'the. approximately, conical part so produced into a mould for formingthe screw-thread and adjacent part of the vessel top. The narrow portion may conveniently form an extension of the constricted mouth opening prior to a finishing operation in which the extension is removed and the constricted" mouth opening is smoothed ofi, while said extension may, be utilized for the introduction of air underpressure to efiect the moulding operation. Further, pairs of vessels may be mouldedfrom lengths of glass tubewhich are formed at each end with a tapering region and a longitudinally extending portion of reduced diameter, or alternatively, the vessels may be prol duced from a continuous length of tube, the neck of one vessel terminating at one end of the constricted portion of thetube, while the other end of said constricted portion is severed automatically as the bottom of the succeedingvessel is produced. The constricted portion may be disposed, if desired, internally within the confines of the mould, the requisite air for moulding being i admitted from that end of the tube corresponding to the bottom of the vessel, or the mould may be formed at that end corresponding to the constricted mouth opening of the vessel with an axial passage for the accommodation of the constricted portionof the'tube, and passed into position when the mould is in its; closed condition.

The invention also includes glass vessels produced in accordance with any of the above variations in the process. i

In order that invention may be fully understood it is illustrated diagrammatically by way of example in the drawing. forming part of the specification in which i a constricted portion at each end;

AT NroFricB v.{Figure 2 shows onewmethod of forming one end of the tube in a collapsible mould;

, Figures 3- and 4 show modified arrangements corresponding to Figure 2;-

Figure 5 shows a' pairof' finished vessels from'continuous lengths-of tubing.

.In carrying the process shownin Figures 1,.to 5,

whichprocess is more particularly" suitablepfor.

bottles; and 1 Figures 6a to (ie show various stepsg-in the; method, of manufacture .arrangedto produce. 10..

hand working; a length ID of glass tube is taken ,and is'formed byany known means with end constricted portions I l and Ila. In the method fprocedure, shown in Figure 2, the end l2 of the constricted portion; II is closed and the approximately conical portion 13 having previously been softened byheating is inserted intoa split mould l4 and is expanded by internal air pressure admitted through the opposite constricted portion I la. For forming the other end of the tube,

the latter is reversedand the process repeated;

air being admitted from the portion Ila or the seal at I2 being broken so that a procedure identical with that previously described may: be adopted. In the form of mouldshown in Figure 2, theend l5 -of the mould M'corresponding to the constricted mouth opening 16 of the vessel is formed withan axial passage I! to receive the constricted portion II, or, alternativelmthe arrangement shown in Figure 3 may be utilizedin which the constricted portion is somewhat short ened as indicated at l8,.in which case the end l5 of the mould can be completely closed.

The neck having'beenformed on both ends of the tube 10 the latter .is divided intermediately, as indicated'at' I9, by'a bottoming process of the known type for producing a pair of vessels as 7 indicated in Figure 5, in which the constricted suitable method.

If desired, howeventhe bottoms l9 may be I formed in the first place in which the air under pressure would be admitted through the constricted portion I I as shown in Figure 4, said constricted portion being subsequently removed to form the mouth opening I6.

The process according to the invention is equally applicable'for machine working, and a suitable series of steps is indicated in Figure 6a to Figure 6e. A length of tubing 20 is first heated at. 2|, the lower and/or the upper portions bein drawn apart to form a constricted portion 22. A

, 4o portions l l I la or 18 have been removed and the i constricted mouth portions I'B smoothed by any" bottom 23 is then formed upon the tube and the part 24, after being softened, is inserted into the mould I4 and is shaped as previously described by the application of air under pressure through the tube 20. As the next step, gas jets 25 cause the severance of the constricted portion 22 from the tube 20, and at the same time form the new bottom 23a for the succeeding vessel. The vessel so formed and indicated at26 is then removed, the constricted portion 22 is cut of! and the mouth opening I6 is smoothed by means of a jet 21 as shown in Figure 6e, while the tube 20 is lowered and a new constricted portion is produced as before after heating is efiected by means of burners 28.

It will be readily apparent that the invention provides a useful and serviceable process forthe production of glass vessels having screw-threaded necks formed with constricted mouth portions. The severance of the constricted portions I I may be facilitated and improved by the provision in the mould I4 of an inwardly extending ridge (not shown) for producing a groove immediately adjacent the mouth opening, so that when the moulding operation is finished the constricted portion I I cracks off of its own accord or may .be readily removed in a clean manner.

What I claim is:- I

1. A process for moulding from glass tubing, glass vessels having threaded necksand constricted mouth openings, consisting in forming upon said tubing a narrow longitudinal portion having an internal cross sectional area equal to the cross sectional area desired in the mouth opening, said narrow longitudinal portion being joined to the tubing by an approximately conical portion, heating said conical portion and inserting 'it into a mould for forming the screw thread and adjacent part of the vessel top under theinfluence of internally applied air pressure.

2. A process for moulding from glass tubing, vessels having threaded necks and constricted mouth openings, consisting in first forming an axial portion of reduced diameter, heating the tube at the junction between the portions of reduced and normal diameter, placing a mould around this portion and causing moulding to take place by producing an internal air pressure greater than atmospheric, the vessel top'being finally formed by removing the narrow portion of the tube and smoothing the constricted opening so produced.

3. A process for moulding in succession from glass tube, a number of vessels having sprinkler necks, consisting in forming a bottom on the tube, heating a portion of the tube where the neck is to be formed, extending the tube axially to produce a tapering portion and a narrow longitudinal portion and moulding the tapering portion under air pressure in a mould so as to form a screw threaded neck and constricted mouth opening.

4. The method of forming a pair of vessels from a cut length of glass tubing, the glass tubing having a cross sectional area equal to the cross sectional area desired in the finished vessels, which consists in constricting the ends of said length of tubing to reduce the internal cross sectional area thereof to the area desired in the mouth openings of the vessels, forming conical portions between the constricted portions of the length of tubing and the nonconstricted portion thereof, heating said conical portions, successively enclosing said conical portions in a mold adapted to form a screw thread and the adjacent part of the'vessel top, admitting fluid under pressure to the interior of the length of tubing to blow. the

conical portions thereof into engagement with the mold, severing the constricted portions from the adjacent portions to form mouth openings in the ends of the length of tubing, and dividing said length of tubing into half sections by suitable bottoming operations.

5. The method of producing a vessel having a constricted mouth opening which consists in heating a portion of a length of tubing the cross sectional area of which is substantially equal to the cross sectional area desired in the body of the finished vessel, constricting the heated portion of the tubing to reduce the cross sectional area thereof to that desired in the mouth opening of the vessel, heating a portion of the constricted portion joining the portion of reduced cross sectional area to the portion of original cross sectional area, heating the tapered portion of the tube, enclosing the tapered portion of the tube in a mold adapted to shape thevessel top, supplying a fluid under pressure to the interior of the glass tube to blow the heated portion thereof into engagement with the mold, and severing the portion of the tube of reduced cross sectional area from the vessel top thus formed.

JAKOB DICHTER. 

